Tuesday, April 01, 2008
SWCNT mats and their performance as electromechanical actuators
Carbon nanotube mats (buckypapers) were prepared from three commercial grades of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and by two processing variants (i.e. filtration of centrifuged and uncentrifuged dispersions). Material properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength, electrical conductivity, electrical capacitance, specific surface area and morphology were investigated and put in relation to the in-plane actuation performance in an aqueous electrolyte (1M NaCl). A dynamic mechanical analyzer was adapted for actuation strain measurements on the samples under various tensile prestress levels.
The researchers showed that the critical issues affecting the performance of buckypaper actuators are the purity, the dispersibility and the morphology of the underlying SWCNT material. The best overall performance was obtained for mats manufactured from well-dispersed, high-purity material, where centrifugation was used to eliminate nanotube agglomerates, yielding an entangled fibrous structure. Thus, dense buckypapers with bulk Young's moduli of up to 2.5 GPa and specific electrical capacitances of up to 35 F/g could be produced and actuated under an effective prestress level of up to 5 MPa with a reversible actuation strain between 0.040 (free-strain) and 0.018% (5 MPa tensile prestress).Source: Carbon (2008), article in press.
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